Sensorimotor Substages

Piaget’s sensormotor substages are as follows:

1. Reflexive Schemes (birth-1 month): This substage involves reflexive behaviors and primary biological functions like sucking and grasping.

2. Primary Circular Reactions (1-4 months): The child starts to repeat actions that happened by chance, such as sucking their thumb.

3. Secondary Circular Reactions (4-8 months): The child repeats actions that have an effect on the environment, such as making noises to get attention.

4. Coordination of Secondary Circular Reactions (8-12 months): The child starts to show intentional behavior and understands cause-and-effect relationships.

5. Tertiary Circular Reactions (12-18 months): The child experiments with new behaviors and explores new objects or situations.

6. Invention of New Means through Mental Combinations (18-24 months): The child begins to think symbolically and can solve problems mentally, not just through trial-and-error. They can also anticipate consequences before taking action.

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